what is ftp and how it works?
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This site provides users with the information about ftp, what is ftp, how ftp works, ftp security problems, solutions for ftp security problems, and more.
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What is ftp?
FTP, File Transfer Protocol, is a powerful network protocol used to transfer files from one computer to another over a TCP-based network, such as the Internet. It works on the architecture of a client and server and uses separate control and data connections between the client and server with a clear-text sign-in protocol. It can be connected anonymously if the server is configured to allow it. While transferring data over the network, there are two modes can be used. They are ASCII mode and binary mode. FTP basically runs on port no 21 as default.
How ftp works?
1. When a user wants to transfer files, FTP sets up a TCP connection to the target system for the exchange of control messages. In this session, user's ID and password will be sent.
2. Once file transfer is approved, a second TCP connection is set up for data transfer. The file is transferred over the data connection without the overhead of headers or control information at the application level.
3. After the transfer being completed, the control connection is used to signal the completion and to accept new file transfer commands.
FTP security problems and solutions
FTP is used widely for easy transferring data, but you should know that it is an insecure method of transferring files because the data transferred is not encrypted, that is, user names, passwords, FTP commands and transferred files can be viewed by someone else on the same network by using a protocol analyzer. The solution to this problem is to use SFTP, SSH File Transfer Protocol because it adds SSL or TLS encryption to FTP.
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